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Biological application of microelectrode arrays in drug discovery and basic research.
Stett A, Egert U, Guenther E, Hofmann F, Meyer T, Nisch W, Haemmerle H.
NMI
Naturwissenschaftliches und Medizinisches Institut an der Universitat
Tubingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany.
Electrical
activity of electrogenic cells in neuronal and cardiac tissue can be
recorded by means of microelectrode arrays (MEAs) that offer the unique
possibility for non-invasive extracellular recording from as many as 60
sites simultaneously. Since its introduction 30 years ago, the
technology and the related culture methods for electrophysiological
cell and tissue assays have been continually improved and have found
their way into many academic and industrial laboratories. Currently,
this technology is attracting increased interest owing to the
industrial need to screen selected compounds against ion channel
targets in their native environment at organic, cellular, and
sub-cellular level.As the MEA technology can be applied to any
electrogenic tissue (i.e., central and peripheral neurons, heart cells,
and muscle cells), the MEA biosensor is an ideal in vitro system to
monitor both acute and chronic effects of drugs and toxins and to
perform functional studies under physiological or induced
pathophysiological conditions that mimic in vivo damages. By recording
the electrical response of various locations on a tissue, a spatial map
of drug effects at different sites can be generated, providing
important clues about a drug's specificity.In this survey, examples of
MEA biosensor applications are described that have been developed for
drug screening and discovery and safety pharmacology in the field of
cardiac and neural research. Additionally, biophysical basics of
recording and concepts for analysis of extracellular electrical signals
are presented.
Publication Types:
PMID: 12923608 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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